Against the Grain

Celebrating Consumption

Could spending be virtuous and thrift bad? Left-wing economic and cultural historian James Livingston thinks so. He suggests — taking on the 19th-century Populists, the Frankfurt School, and current economic orthodoxy along the way — that consumption is good for social justice and the environment. Livingston argues that, in place of austerity and frugality, investment … Continued


Against the Grain

Is Overpopulation the Culprit?

Too few resources, too many people. That’s the received wisdom in most of the environmental movement, mainstream or radical. But can that assumption withstand close scrutiny? Not according to population scholar Betsy Hartmann, who interrogates whether overpopulation is a main — or the main — cause of our ecological woes. She also discusses the far … Continued